See punitivo on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punire",
"punire#Italian"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":af",
"3": "punire",
"4": "-ivo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "punire",
"3": "-ivo"
},
"expansion": "punire + -ivo",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From punire + -ivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitive",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivi, feminine plural punitive)",
"name": "it-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ni‧tì‧vo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ni‧tì‧vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian terms suffixed with -ivo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"punitive"
],
"id": "en-punitivo-it-adj-18C7lO3q",
"links": [
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.vo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ivo"
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punitif",
"punitif#French"
],
[
"punir",
"punir#Portuguese"
],
[
"-tivo",
"-tivo#Portuguese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:punitif",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"punitif\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"punitivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"punitivo\">\nBorrowed from French punitif.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "punir",
"3": "-tivo",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, punir + -tivo",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French punitif. By surface analysis, punir + -tivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivos, feminine plural punitivas)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu",
"ni",
"ti",
"vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "pt:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pt",
"name": "Military",
"orig": "pt:Military",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"punitive (which punishes; being a punishment)"
],
"id": "en-punitivo-pt-adj-hx9qq8-X",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, military) punitive (which punishes; being a punishment)"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈt͡ʃi.vu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.vu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.bu/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.niˈti.βu]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punītum",
"punitum#Latin"
],
[
"*-wós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wós#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-īvus",
"-ivus#Latin"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Spanish"
],
[
"punītum",
"punitum#Latin"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "la:punītum",
"4": "-ivo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin punītum\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHwósder.\nLatin -īvusder.\nSpanish -ivo\nSpanish punitivo\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-iHwós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īvus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"punitivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"punitivo\">\nFrom Latin punītum + Spanish -ivo.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin punītum\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHwósder.\nLatin -īvusder.\nSpanish -ivo\nSpanish punitivo\nFrom Latin punītum + Spanish -ivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivos, feminine plural punitivas)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ni‧ti‧vo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ni‧ti‧vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish terms suffixed with -ivo",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"punitive"
],
"id": "en-punitivo-es-adj-18C7lO3q",
"links": [
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/puniˈtibo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.niˈt̪i.β̞o]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ibo"
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punire",
"punire#Italian"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Italian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": ":af",
"3": "punire",
"4": "-ivo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "punire",
"3": "-ivo"
},
"expansion": "punire + -ivo",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From punire + -ivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivi",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitive",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivi, feminine plural punitive)",
"name": "it-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ni‧tì‧vo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ni‧tì‧vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 4-syllable words",
"Italian adjectives",
"Italian entries referencing missing etymons",
"Italian entries with etymon",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian terms suffixed with -ivo",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Italian/ivo",
"Rhymes:Italian/ivo/4 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"punitive"
],
"links": [
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.vo/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ivo"
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punitif",
"punitif#French"
],
[
"punir",
"punir#Portuguese"
],
[
"-tivo",
"-tivo#Portuguese"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "fr:punitif",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"punitif\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Portuguese\", \"term\" : \"punitivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pt\" }\" data-lang=\"pt\" data-title=\"punitivo\">\nBorrowed from French punitif.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "punir",
"3": "-tivo",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, punir + -tivo",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French punitif. By surface analysis, punir + -tivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivos, feminine plural punitivas)",
"name": "pt-adj"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu",
"ni",
"ti",
"vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Portuguese 4-syllable words",
"Portuguese adjectives",
"Portuguese entries referencing missing etymons",
"Portuguese entries with etymology texts",
"Portuguese entries with etymon",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese terms borrowed from French",
"Portuguese terms derived from French",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"pt:Law",
"pt:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"punitive (which punishes; being a punishment)"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"military",
"military"
],
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, military) punitive (which punishes; being a punishment)"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"law",
"military",
"politics",
"war"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈt͡ʃi.vu/",
"tags": [
"Brazil"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.vu/",
"tags": [
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pu.niˈti.bu/",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.niˈti.βu]",
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Portugal"
]
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"punītum",
"punitum#Latin"
],
[
"*-wós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-wós#Proto-Indo-European:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-īvus",
"-ivus#Latin"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Spanish"
],
[
"punītum",
"punitum#Latin"
],
[
"-ivo",
"-ivo#Spanish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": ":af",
"3": "la:punītum",
"4": "-ivo",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin punītum\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHwósder.\nLatin -īvusder.\nSpanish -ivo\nSpanish punitivo\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-iHwós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectival suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-wós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-īvus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"-ivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Spanish\", \"term\" : \"punitivo\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"es\" }\" data-lang=\"es\" data-title=\"punitivo\">\nFrom Latin punītum + Spanish -ivo.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin punītum\nProto-Indo-European *-wós\nProto-Indo-European *-iHwósder.\nLatin -īvusder.\nSpanish -ivo\nSpanish punitivo\nFrom Latin punītum + Spanish -ivo.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "punitiva",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivos",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "punitivas",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "punitivo (feminine punitiva, masculine plural punitivos, feminine plural punitivas)",
"name": "es-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ni‧ti‧vo"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ni‧ti‧vo"
]
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ibo",
"Rhymes:Spanish/ibo/4 syllables",
"Spanish 4-syllable words",
"Spanish adjectives",
"Spanish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Spanish entries with etymology texts",
"Spanish entries with etymology trees",
"Spanish entries with etymon",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms suffixed with -ivo",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"punitive"
],
"links": [
[
"punitive",
"punitive"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/puniˈtibo/"
},
{
"ipa": "[pu.niˈt̪i.β̞o]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ibo"
}
],
"word": "punitivo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for punitivo meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.